Impact of Storage on Bioactive and Toxic Compounds in Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) Tubers: Effects on Thyroid Cancer and Inflammatory Responses

Paweł Paśko, Agnieszka Galanty, Marta Markiewicz, Efren Delgado, Aleksandra Capik, Octavio Paredes Lopez & Shela Gorinstein

 

Te invitamos a leer el artículo "Dissecting the role of bHLH transcription factors in the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd)-tomato pathosystem using network approaches" publicado en "PLOS One" en el que colaboró la Dra. Maribel Rosales Hernández de Cinvestav Irapuato.

Autores:

Paweł Paśko, Agnieszka Galanty, Marta Markiewicz, Efren Delgado, Aleksandra Capik, Octavio Paredes Lopez & Shela Gorinstein

Resumen:
Background
Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) tubers contain isoflavones and phenolic acids with potential chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory effects. This study analyzed bioactive and toxic compounds in fresh jicama tuber (flesh and peel) and assessed changes during freezing for 3 and 4 months. Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated on human thyroid cancer (FTC133, 8505 C, TPC1), and normal cells (Nthy-ori 3 − 1), and RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Methods
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identified active compounds. Antioxidant activity was tested using FRAP and DPPH assays. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay, while anti-inflammatory effects were measured via TNF-α, IL-6 (ELISA), and nitric oxide levels (Griess assay).

Results
Fresh peel contained the highest levels of isoflavones (mg/100 g dry weight) - biochanin A; 52.5, daidzein; 23.0, genistein; 2.6) and phenolic acids (chlorogenic; 61.7, isochlorogenic acids; 95.8), which declined significantly after freezing. No rotenone was detected. Peel extracts exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against thyroid cancer cells, particularly FTC133, showing dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability. However, they also exhibited cytotoxicity against normal thyroid cells, highlighting potential risks. Flesh extracts showed weaker cytotoxic effects but demonstrated slightly stronger anti-inflammatory activity than peel extracts. Both extracts effectively reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Storage time during freezing had no significant impact on anti-inflammatory activity or cytotoxic potency, but it significantly reduced antioxidant activity.

Conclusion
Jicama peel is richer in bioactive compounds than the flesh and exhibits strong cytotoxic effects on thyroid cancer cells, although it also affects normal cells. Freezing reduces phytonutrient content and antioxidant potential but does not alter anti-inflammatory efficacy.

 

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11/11/2024 01:41:23 p. m.